Mechanical stimulations on human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells enhance cells differentiation in a 3D layered scaffold.

Fiche publication

Date publication

mai 2017

Journal

Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

Auteurs

Membres identifiés du Cancéropôle Est :
Dr BENKIRANE-JESSEL Nadia , Pr MAINARD Didier , Dr REPPEL Loïc , Dr DE ISLA Natalia

Tous les auteurs :
Schiavi J, Reppel L, Charif N, de Isla N, Mainard D, Benkirane-Jessel N, Stoltz JF, Rahouadj R, Huselstein C

Lien Pubmed

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28486755

Résumé

Scaffolds laden with stem cells are a promising approach for articular cartilage repair. Investigations have shown that implantation of artificial matrices, growth factors or chondrocytes can stimulate cartilage formation; but no existing strategy apply mechanical stimulation on stratified scaffolds to mimic the cartilage environment. The purpose of this study was to adapt a spraying method for stratified cartilage engineering and to stimulate the bio-substitute. Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Bone Marrow (BM-MSCs) were seeded in an Alginate/Hyaluronic Acid (Alg/HA) or Alg/Hydroxyapatite (Alg/Hap) gel to direct cartilage and hypertrophic cartilage/sub-chondral bone differentiation, respectively, in different layers linked with polyelectrolyte multilayer films, in a single scaffold. Homogeneous or composite stratified scaffolds were cultured for 28 days and cell viability and differentiation were assessed. The heterogeneous scaffold was stimulated daily. The mechanical behavior of the stratified scaffolds were investigated by Plane Strain Compression tests. Results showed that the spraying process did not affect cell viability. Moreover, cell differentiation driven by the microenvironment was increased with loading: in the layer with Alg/HA, a specific extracellular matrix of cartilage, composed of GAGs and type II collagen was observed, and in the Alg/Hap layer more collagen X was detected. Hydroxyapatite seemed to drive cells to a hypertrophic chondrocytic phenotype and increased mechanical resistance of the scaffold. In conclusion, mechanical stimulations will allow for the production of a stratified bio-substitute, laden with hBM-MSCs, which is capable in vivo to mimic all-depths of chondral defects, thanks to an efficient combination of stem cells, biomaterial compositions and mechanical loading.