Fiche publication
Date publication
mars 2025
Journal
Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety
Auteurs
Membres identifiés du Cancéropôle Est :
Pr GUEANT Jean-Louis
Tous les auteurs :
Noel A, Guéant-Rodriguez RM, Cachard O, Kouche SE, Graindorge PH, Wanny NE, Alpers DH, Grova N, Guéant JL
Lien Pubmed
Résumé
Apples and their derivatives are among the most widely consumed fruit products in the world and iconic examples of food-safety issues. By using a systematic search in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases, we extracted 1374 publications on pesticides, mycotoxins, and heavy metal contents in apple products, which represented 44%, 48%, and 26% of publications on fruit, respectively. We selected 90 articles in which we were able to assess compliance with the European Food Safety Authority's (EFSA) regulations and found a 42.8% overall rate of checks exceeding the Maximum Residue Limit (MRL), a 51.6% rate for pesticides, a 42.55% rate for heavy metals, and a 40.2% rate for mycotoxins. Over 60% of the 92 pesticides considered were banned by the European Union. The rate of noncompliance was much higher in the Middle East (65.2%), Africa (50%), Asia (43.9%), Europe (37.5%), and South America (33.3%) than in North America (12.5%). We observed an influence of the climate Köppen classification and the 2024 Human Development Index (HDI) on the rate of exceeding MRLs. Our data raise questions about the compliance with production regulation requirements and the efficacy of controls. According to the criteria that define MRLs, we also question non-negligible public health issues generated by the high rate of noncompliance.
Mots clés
apple, food safety, xenobiotics
Référence
Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2025 03;24(2):e70153