Inherited platelet disorders : Management of the bleeding risk.
Fiche publication
Date publication
août 2018
Journal
Transfusion clinique et biologique : journal de la Societe francaise de transfusion sanguine
Auteurs
Membres identifiés du Cancéropôle Est :
Dr GACHET Christian
Tous les auteurs :
Dupuis A, Gachet C
Lien Pubmed
Résumé
Inherited platelet disorders are rare bleeding syndromes due to either platelet function abnormalities or thrombocytopenia which may be associated with functional defects. The haemorrhagic symptoms observed in these patients are mostly muco-cutaneous and of highly variable severity. Although 30 to 50% of the platelet disorders are still of unknown origin, the precise diagnosis of these pathologies by specialized laboratories together with haemorrhagic scores enables an assessment of the risk of bleeding in each patient. Depending on the diagnostic elements collected, an appropriate medical procedure can be proposed for each situation: scheduled or emergency surgical interventions and pregnancy follow-up. The pathologies most at risk correspond to Glanzmann's thrombasthenia, Bernard-Soulier syndrome, severe thrombocytopenia (<40,000 platelets/μL) and signalling protein abnormalities affecting the activation of GPIIb-IIIa, a membrane glycoprotein essential for platelet aggregation. For these particular patients, in whom the risk of bleeding can be increased by a factor of 40, management protocols during surgical procedures are generally based on the use of conventional platelet concentrates, for both prophylaxis and the control of active bleeding. The perinatal period in women with platelet disorders and their new-born also require special attention. Indeed, beyond unpredictable delivery haemorrhages, bleeding requiring a blood transfusion is observed after delivery in more than 50% of women with Glanzmann's thrombastenia or Bernard-Soulier syndrome.
Mots clés
Bleeding management, Concentré plaquettaire, Inherited platelet disorders, Pathologie plaquettaire héréditaire, Platelet concentrate, Platelet transfusion, Risque hémorragique, Thrombocytopenia, Thrombocytopénie, Thrombopathie, Thrombopathy, Transfusion plaquettaire
Référence
Transfus Clin Biol. 2018 Aug 1;: