National perinatal survey demonstrates a decreasing seroprevalence of infection among pregnant women in France, 1995 to 2016: impact for screening policy.
Fiche publication
Date publication
février 2021
Journal
Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin
Auteurs
Membres identifiés du Cancéropôle Est :
Pr VILLENA Isabelle
Tous les auteurs :
Robinson E, de Valk H, Villena I, Le Strat Y, Tourdjman M
Lien Pubmed
Résumé
BackgroundToxoplasmosis during pregnancy can result in congenital anomalies or fetal death. Universal antenatal screening is recommended in France, a strategy in place since the 1970s.AimWe determined the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis among pregnant women participating in the 2016 national perinatal survey (ENP), compared results with previous ENPs, and investigated factors associated with infection.MethodsUsing the 2016 ENP data, which contain sociodemographic and clinical information from all women giving birth during a one week period, we calculated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) by sociodemographic factors. Using available data from prior ENPs (1995, 2003 and 2010), we calculated age-standardised seroprevalences and aPRs for French women.ResultsIn 2016, seroprevalence was 31.3% overall. Among French women, associations with increasing age (aPR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.39-1.70), residence in Paris (aPR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.08-1.31) or south-western regions (aPR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.08-1.31), and higher professional status (aPR: 1.12; 95%CI 1.04-1.21) were observed. An association with increasing age was also evident among women from North Africa and sub-Saharan Africa. Age-standardised seroprevalence decreased from 55.0% in 1995 to 33.7% in 2016. Among French women, significant associations with age, Paris and south-west regions persisted across all ENPs.ConclusionHigher prevalences in older women may reflect a higher past risk of exposure while persistent geographical differences may reflect dietary or environmental differences. seroprevalence among pregnant women continues to fall and will impact screening effectiveness. This warrants a comprehensive review to determine the appropriate future of prevention in France.
Mots clés
Toxoplasma gondii, pregnant women, prenatal diagnosis, seroepidemiologic studies, toxoplasmosis
Référence
Euro Surveill. 2021 Feb;26(5):